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COCKROACHES DISINFESTATION AND CONTROL

Infestations of cockroaches, or most commonly known as roaches, are very frequent because their natural habitat is just inside our houses, factories, foods, water pipes and drain pipes.

Cockroaches live in hollow spaces, drain pipes, water pipes, behind sinks and household appliances such as washing machines and dishwashers, especially when water leaks occur, damp houses, cellars and seaports.

Throughout the world there are about 3.500 species of cockroaches known, among these, in our country, around 400 are found.

Among cockroaches infesting our houses, better known, are:

• Blattella germanica (Grey cockroach): thanks to the pulvilli, a characteristic of their legs which allow this type of Cockroach to climb on any vertical wall even if it is smooth, it lives and proliferates in high moisture environments (dishwashers, coffee machines, stoves, kettles etc.). Omnivore, she likes best darkness and porous surfaces like Paper and wood. The life of this species of Cockroach range from 20 to 30 weeks; the female of this species of Cockroach lays during her life from 4 to 8 egg cases containing about 40 eggs each that hatch after about 15-20 days. Both male and female are winged and can fly.
• Supella longipalpa (or funiture’s roach): omnivore, very similar in her look to the grey Cockroach, but less infestant because of the longer period needed for her sexual development and the most easier drying of her egg cases containing eggs. This  due to the environment this species of Cockroach   likes best, that is always basically hot and not very moist. The female lays during her life about 14 egg cases containing from 14 to 18 eggs. The area where these cockroaches will nest are therefore at a medium-high height, between shelves, paintings, heat sources such as televisions or electrical appliance engines, where they lay and stick the egg cases. They both have wings but only the male is able to fly when disturbed.
• Blatta orientalis (common cockroach): it is the most common Cockroach  that we find in our houses and is dark brow colored. It is a species of Cockroach that loves very damp environments, especially near water sources but unlike of other species of Cockroach it loves fresh environments. So  they proliferate and are found inside the sewer pipes, very fresh and moist cellars, humidifiers, water pipes or sink drainpipes from where they often come into our houses. Also this species of Cockroach is omnivore but very voracious. In lack of food they feed on their own egg cases. A female makes 8 egg cases with about 12-20 eggs and sexually they have a slow development.
• Periplaneta Americana: is the less common species of Cockroach but very prolific and infestant. It is of a bigger size and can reach 4 cm. It has more developed wings but it rarely uses them. This species of Cockroach  too likes best damp and dark environments, harbours and cities on the sea, basements, sewer systems, bath and kitchen pipes, foodstuffs warehouses and fermented liquids. The female of this big American Cockroach lays from 12 to 14 egg cases containing about 14 eggs, hatching after 2 months. Then the nymphes reach their sexual ripeness after 6 months. The proliferation of this species of Cockroach will be stopped by the cold of the winter months.

HARMFUL TO HUMAN AND ANIMALS

Thanks to their low and flat body, cockroaches can break into every little crack, passing through sunken pipes, power line and ducts for electrical systems, heating and cooling systems and water drainpipes. In addition they are very fast because of their very broad legs. Cockroaches are gregarious insects therefore where there is one of them we will surely find others. For these reasons it turns out to be very difficult cutting cockroaches off from rooms completely. Furthermore they will be carriers for infections and pathogenic microorganisms (cholera, tuberculosis, salmonella) as they can move from very polluting environments to environments where humans and animals live. With their cacatura (droppings) cockroaches will pollute small and big food warehouses giving off unpleasant smells especially when high infestations are found.

PREVENTION

As we saw both the Blatta orientalis, common cockroach, and the Blatta Americana, break into our houses through the sewer system, especially when these are old structures with plant that have been repaired. So  it is realistic to think that also the city sewer systems are already colonized by cockroaches.

It  is useful therefore for the prevention of cockroaches infestations, in the environment we live and carry out our activities, check for the crisis points: pipes, drain pipes, detached floors and tiles, coatings, matched board walls, false ceilings and plasterboard partition walls, drainage manholes etc.

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